Study effects of Plug-in Electric Vehicles
The Study is prepared using the WBIF grant for support of smart grid in MEPSO, provided by EBRD. Author of the Study is DNV GL Energy Advisory GmbH (KEMA). Electric vehicles are inevitable; it is only a matter of discussion and assumptions their number and which concept will dominate in the future. One can expect that number of electric vehicles will significantly increase very soon. Every new technology that is implemented, and presents electricity demand, has influence to the electricity grid. This Study investigates the impact on the transmission grid – identification of necessary upgrades of electricity grids, as well as possibilities for smart integration of electric vehicles. That imposes two-way interaction of the vehicles and the grids: use of batteries for provision of scarce system services and contribution to increase installed capacity of RES. Smart integration of electric vehicles in the power system is characterized by number of positive effects for the transmission grid:
- possibility for provision of system services by electric vehicles for power system balancing,
- power system has increased absorption for electricity from RES,
- “shaving” of power system load – decrease of consumption during the high peak demand (when the electricity is short and expensive) and increase of consumption during the off-peak demand (while in night hours the surplus of electricity from thermal power plants could be used),
- reduction of the wheeling charges of power system,
- potential generation of benefits both for operators and owners of electric vehicles.
Added effects of electric vehicles integration is a challenge for TSOs – high demand of some parts of the grid, reduced dynamic stability and influence on the power quality. Comprehensive and coordinated analyses of the power system is very important to be done in order to resolve those challenges and to enable uninterruptable use of vehicles by their owners. The focus is on the highest possible integration; but in order to reach that level some specific technology solution and market mechanisms should be put in place. The objective is to facilitate bi-directional power flow between electric vehicles and electricity grids and launching of the smart grids.
Ten-Year Network Development Plan 2020 - 2029
Ten-Year Network Development Plan 2021 - 2030